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Official Make America Great Again Logo

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American campaign slogan

Trump's "Make America Great Again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential campaign before Trump selected Mike Pence as his vice presidential running mate

"Make America Great Once again" or MAGA ()[a] is a entrada slogan used in American politics popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential campaign. Ronald Reagan used the similar slogan "Let's Make America Groovy Again" in his successful 1980 presidential campaign. Bill Clinton also used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential entrada and used it again in a radio commercial aired for his married woman Hillary Clinton'southward unsuccessful 2008 presidential primary campaign. Douglas Schoen has called Trump's utilise of the phrase "probably the most resonant campaign slogan in contempo history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the country was in refuse.[2] [3]

The slogan became a pop culture phenomenon, seeing widespread use and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, being used past those who support and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link it to racism in the Us, regarding it as dog-whistle politics and coded language.[four] [v] [6] [vii] The slogan was besides at the center of two events originally reported inaccurately in most media outlets, the Jussie Smollett set on hoax and the Jan 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [9] [10] [11]

Use earlier Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was first used by Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a oral communication at the third session of the 76th United states of america Congress in apprehension of the 1940 The states presidential election: "What is the fashion? Here is America. There are 130,000,000 of us. America needs a leader who tin can coordinate labor, capital, and management; who can give the man of enterprise encouragement, who can give them the spirit which will beget vision. That will make America groovy again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was institute in some advertising associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[13]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Let's make America groovy once more" was famously used in Ronald Reagan's 1980 presidential campaign. At the fourth dimension the United States was suffering from a worsening economy at home marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the state'south economical distress as a springboard for his campaign, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism amidst the electorate.[xiv] [fifteen] [16] [17] Inside his acceptance speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without job opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, particularly in the inner cities where they live. For those who've abandoned promise, we'll restore hope and nosotros'll welcome them into a keen national crusade to brand America great once again."[18] [xix]

Nib Clinton [edit]

The phrase was besides used in speeches[20] by Pecker Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton also used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton'due south 2008 presidential master campaign.[22]

During the 2016 electoral entrada, Clinton suggested that Trump's version, used every bit a campaign rallying cry, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "requite you an economy you had l years ago, and... movement you back up on the social totem pole and other people down."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell's volume nigh her unsuccessful 2010 bid as the Republican nominee for a Us Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin'due south Press on August 16, 2011, equally Troublemaker: Let's Do What Information technology Takes to Make America Great Once more.[24]

Apply past Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Brand America Swell Once again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In Dec 2011, Trump fabricated a statement in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running as a presidential candidate in the future, explaining "I must get out all of my options open up because, above all else, nosotros must make America swell again."[25] Also in December 2011, he published a book using as a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #one Again" – which in a 2015 reissue was changed to "Make America Great Again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Make America Swell Again" past stitching it onto his widely distributed cap

On Jan 1, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretary of Country's part to create the "Make America Slap-up Once more Political party", which would take allowed Trump to be that party's nominee if he had decided to become a third-political party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November 7, 2012, the day after Barack Obama won his reelection confronting Mitt Romney. Past his own business relationship, Trump first considered "Nosotros Volition Brand America Great", only did not feel like it had the right "ring" to it. "Make America Great" was his next slogan idea, simply upon further reflection, he felt that it was a slight to America considering it unsaid that America was never neat. After selecting "Make America Great Again", Trump immediately had an attorney register it. (Trump later said he was unaware of Reagan'southward apply in 1980 until 2015, only noted that "he didn't trademark it.")[28] On November 12 he signed an application with the Usa Patent and Trademark Office requesting exclusive rights to employ the slogan for political purposes. Information technology was registered as a service mark on July xiv, 2015, after Trump formally began his 2016 presidential campaign and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the awarding.[29] [28] [30] Trump used the slogan in public as early equally August 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Brand America Swell Again" on a roadside in California before long afterward the November 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Go along America Peachy" hat in December 2019

During the 2016 campaign, Trump often used the slogan, especially past wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white letters, which soon became popular among his supporters.[32] The slogan was so of import to the campaign that at ane bespeak it spent more than on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or television commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that counterfeit versions outnumbered the real hat ten to ane. "...but it was a slogan, and every time somebody buys 1, that'due south an advertisement."[28]

Following Trump's election, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection entrada would be "Keep America Great" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] However, Trump's 2020 entrada continued to use the "Make America Groovy Once again" slogan.[35] Trump's vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "brand America cracking again, over again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention speech, garnering ridicule and comparisons to the catchphrase "again-again" from Teletubbies.[36] [37] In late 2021, this phrase became the name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was as well mocked.[38]

Less than a week after Trump left office, he spoke to advisors about possibly establishing a third party, which he suggested might exist named either the "Patriot Party" or "Make America Keen Once again Party". In his first few days out of role, he also supported Arizona state party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who besides chosen for the creation of a "MAGA Political party". In late January 2021, the quondam president viewed the proposed MAGA Party as leverage to prevent Republican senators from voting to convict him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the House.[39] [40]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the campaign slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself by tweeting "My employ of social media is non Presidential – it'due south MODERN Day PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Great Again!" on July 1, 2017.[41]

In the beginning one-half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[42] In an article for Bloomberg News, Marker Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a post'due south retweet-and-favorite count, which is of import given that the average Trump tweet attracts a total of 107,000."[42]

Trump attributed his victory (in part) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 election with interviews, speeches, and social media."[43] According to RiteTag,[44] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter alone include: 1,304 unique tweets, 5,820,000 hashtag exposure, and 3,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[44]

Donald Trump fix his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the announcement (June sixteen, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with peculiarly notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Party nomination (May iii, 2016) and later on winning the presidency.[45]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its use since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Vox of America journalist, among others,[five] [half-dozen] explained how it is a loaded phrase because it "doesn't just appeal to people who hear it as racist coded language, but also to those who have felt a loss of status as other groups have become more empowered."[iv] Equally Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan now resonates as America First did in the early 1940s, with the idea "that the true version of America is the America that looks similar me, the American fantasy I imagine existed before it was diluted with other races and other people."[46]

Writing stance for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Make America Neat Again' chapeau is non necessarily an overt expression of racism. Only if you wear one, it's a pretty good indication that you share, admire or appreciate President Trump's racist views near Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[6] The Detroit Free Printing and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are evidence of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[47] [48] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan as "fabulous", writing: "Information technology was vague enough to appeal to optimists generally, while leaving plenty of room for bitter and resentful voters to conclude that nosotros were finally going dorsum to the days when they ran the earth."[49] Polling has shown that virtually 10 percent of black voters identified as Trump supporters,[fifty] [ non-main source needed ] while almost thirty percent of Hispanic voters identified as Trump supporters.[51] [ ameliorate source needed ]

Australian political commentator and former Liberal political party leader John Hewson writes in January 2018 that he believes the recent global movements confronting traditional politics and politicians are based on racism and prejudice. He comments: "At that place should exist piddling uncertainty most US President Donald Trump'southward views on race, despite his occasional 'denials', assertions of 'faux news', and/or his semantic distinctions. His election campaign theme was effectively a promise to 'Brand America Great Again; America First and Simply' and—nod, nod, wink, wink—to Brand America White Again."[52]

Use by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and author Peter Beinart published a 2006 book titled The Good Fight: Why Liberals – and Only Liberals – Can Win the War on Terror and Make America Slap-up Once more [53] drawing on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr after the Invasion of Iraq and early on years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book about her Republican Senate entrada in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Let'south Practice What It Takes To Brand America Great Over again.[54]

Afterwards Donald Trump popularized the apply of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of it were widely used in reference both to his election campaign and to his politics. Trump'south main opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Brand America Great Over again" in speeches, inciting Trump to send end-and-desist letters to them.[28] Cruz later on sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Debate Again", in response to Trump's boycotting the Iowa Jan 28, 2016, argue.[55] The phrase has too been parodied in political statements, such as "Brand America Mexico Once more", a critique of Trump's immigration policies regarding the U.S.–Mexico border.[56] [57]

Utilise past political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that great" during a September 2018 neb signing.[58] [59] Former The states Attorney General Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did y'all think America was great?"[sixty] [61] During John McCain's memorial service on September 1, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no demand to exist made bully over again because America was always great."[62] Trump subsequently tweeted "MAKE AMERICA Dandy AGAIN!" later that mean solar day.[63]

Use past hate groups [edit]

A 2018 written report using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks found that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were commonly used past white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive space" for far-right extremists globally.[64]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of French republic, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The terminal sentence of the voice communication delivered by him was "make our planet great again."[65]

During his entrada for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in October 2018, former opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "make Republic of indonesia great again", though he denied having copied Trump.[66]

During the Swedish European Parliament election in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Democratic Party used the slogan "Make EU Lagom Once more".[67] [68]

February 2019 Fridays for Future protest in Berlin with the line "Make Globe Greta Again"

Members of the Fridays for Future Movement take frequently used slogans similar "Make Earth Greta Again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[69] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary moving-picture show named Make the World Greta Again.[70]

The Spanish far right political party VOX used as slogan "Hacer a España grande otra vez", or "Make Espana Groovy Once more".[71] [72]

In popular culture [edit]

Rap-rock supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Brand America Rage Again" stage properties reminiscent of the "Make America Great Again" catchphrase as it appears on a MAGA hat

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Developed entertainment [edit]

  • Developed film star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took office in a "Make America Horny Once again" strip club tour. The tour followed Trump'due south initial 2016 campaign trail and role of the acquirement was donated to Planned Parenthood.[73]

Advertising [edit]

  • A Dunk-a-roos marketing entrada used the slogan "Brand America Dunk Again".[74]

Artwork [edit]

  • Brand Everything Great Again was a street fine art mural by artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Lithuania.[75] [76]

Comedy [edit]

  • Comedian David Cross's 2016 stand-upward tour was titled "Making America Great Once again".[77]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers claiming an association with Adult Swim and Cartoon Network, and dressed equally the World Merchandise Centre during the September 11 attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Neat Again" hats.[78] [79] [80]

Manner [edit]

  • Fashion Designer Andre Soriano used the "Make America Bully Again" Official presidential entrada Flag to design a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to wear on Cerise Carpeting e.yard. 2017 Grammy Awards.[81]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Make Sandford Groovy Over again" to Sergeant Nicholas Affections.[82]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Make England Great Once more" fez chapeau in one scene.[83]
  • The Syfy film Sharknado v: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Make America Bait Once more".[84]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Ballot Yr (2016) is "Go on America Great" (a phrase Trump would later apply every bit his 2020 entrada slogan); one of the TV spots for the film featured Americans who explained why they support the Purge, with one stating he does so "to keep my country [America] great".[85] The next moving-picture show in the franchise, The Get-go Purge, was subsequently advertised with a poster featuring its championship stylized on a MAGA hat.[86]
  • The grapheme Paul in Da v Bloods is an gorging Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the motion picture.[87]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassin's Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Bully Once more" during his campaign confronting Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat xi (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombat11 newcomer Kollector to "brand Outworld not bad again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Gratis Again" in its marketing campaign.[88]
  • In Metal Gear Ascent: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Brand America Groovy Again" during his speech while battling Raiden.[89]
  • In Hitman ii (2018 video game), an elusive targed named Vincente Murillo is shown doing a broadcast under the slogan Haz que Colombia body of water grande otra vez .[ninety]

Music [edit]

  • Fall Out Boy released a remix of their album American Dazzler/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Once more.[91]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2018 chosen M.A.T.A, meaning Make America Trap Again.[92]
  • Make America Stone Again was a rock concert bout.[93]
  • Rap stone supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Machine, Public Enemy and Cypress Loma, called their 2017 nationwide tour the "Make America Rage Once more Tour", using a stage properties reminiscent of a MAGA lid.
  • UK musician and author James Kennedy released a rock protest album in 2020 chosen 'Make ANGER Dandy Again'[94]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Brand America Crip Again".[95]
  • Frank Turner released a vocal called "Brand America Great Over again" on his album Be More Kind (2018).
  • Singer Joy Villa produced a single "Make America Groovy Again" a few months later appearing at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' wearing apparel.[96]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a hat saying Make America Skate again in Chance the Rapper's video No Problem
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an anthology titled Make America Trap Once more (2019), with encompass art inspired by the Barack Obama "Hope" poster.[97]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a song titled Brand America Neat Over again.[98]
  • Metal band Thy Fine art Is Murder released a song called "Make America Hate Again" on their album Human Target (2019). They also sell a lid with the slogan "Make Deathcore Great Again".

Sports [edit]

  • And then-Washington Nationals baseball outfielder Bryce Harper wore a hat saying "Make Baseball Fun Again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia E. Butler used "Make America Dandy Once more" every bit the presidential entrada slogan for a character, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[99] Jarret is described as "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled religion and regime together and cemented the link with coin from rich businessmen".[100]
  • Author Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Appointment Again",[101] a satirical book on dating and relationships.

Boob tube [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his show Last Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment dedicated to Trump, urging viewers to "Make Donald Drumpf Again", in reference to the original bequeathed proper noun of the Trump family.[102] [103] The segment broke HBO viewership records, garnering 85 million views.[103]
  • In the South Park episode "Where My Country Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump's, are seen property signs begetting the slogan.[104]
  • In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What's Past Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[105] [106] [107] [108]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[1]

References [edit]

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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

polimakeles.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again

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